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Pharmacokinetics The following pharmacokinetic information and conclusions were obtained from published studies that used nonspecific assay methods. DISTRIBUTION The mean volume of distribution of glycopyrrolate was estimated to be 0.42 ± 0.22 L/kg. METABOLISM The in vivo metabolism of glycopyrrolate in humans has not been studied. EXCRETION The mean clearance and mean T 1/2 values were reported to be 0.54 ± 0.14 L/kg/hr and 0.83 ± 0.13 hr, respectively post IV administration. After IV administr...

ADVERSE REACTIONS Anticholinergics, including glycopyrrolate injection, can produce certain effects, most of which are extensions of their pharmacologic actions. Adverse reactions may include xerostomia (dry mouth); urinary hesitancy and retention; blurred vision and photophobia due to mydriasis (dilation of the pupil); cycloplegia; increased ocular tension; tachycardia; palpitation; decreased sweating; loss of taste; headache; nervousness; drowsiness; weakness; dizziness; insomnia; nausea; vomi...

CONTRAINDICATIONS Known hypersensitivity to glycopyrrolate or any of its inactive ingredients. In addition, in the management of peptic ulcer patients, because of the longer duration of therapy, glycopyrrolate injection may be contraindicated in patients with the following concurrent conditions: glaucoma; obstructive uropathy (for example, bladder neck obstruction due to prostatic hypertrophy); ob...

Drug Interactions The concurrent use of glycopyrrolate injection with other anticholinergics or medications with anticholinergic activity, such as phenothiazines, antiparkinson drugs, or tricyclic antidepressants, may intensify the antimuscarinic effects and may result in an increase in anticholinergic side effects. Concomitant administration of glycopyrrolate injection and potassium chloride in a...